Thumb arthritis (also known as basal joint arthritis or base of thumb arthritis) is a common condition that affects the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint at the base of the thumb. It occurs when the cartilage in the joint wears down, leading to pain, swelling, stiffness, and difficulty with tasks like turning keys, opening jars, or gripping objects.
In the early stages, conservative treatment can often help manage symptoms. This includes splinting, activity modification, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication (NSAIDs), and corticosteroid injections. These approaches aim to reduce pain and preserve function without surgery.
When non-surgical treatments no longer provide relief, surgical intervention may be recommended. There are several effective surgical options for thumb arthritis, including:
- Trapeziectomy (removal of the arthritic bone)
- CMC joint fusion (arthrodesis)
- Thumb joint replacement (arthroplasty)
- Arthroscopic or minimally invasive procedures for selected cases
The choice of procedure depends on the severity of arthritis, joint alignment, patient activity level, and personal goals. Dr David Kingston will explain the options in detail and customise your treatment to best suit your specific condition and lifestyle.
Thumb joint replacement is a modern surgical option for advanced CMC arthritis. This procedure involves removing the damaged joint surfaces and placing an implant to restore function and reduce pain. In suitable patients, it can provide excellent results with improved thumb strength and mobility.
Post surgery care
The surgery is usually done as a day surgery procedure, so you can go home the same day. You will need a responsible adult to stay with you for 24 hours after the surgery.
Following surgery, your hand will be immobilised temporarily in a splint or cast. The cast and surgical dressings will need to be kept clean and dry.
Pain after surgery does occur. It can usually be managed with elevation of the hand, ice packs and simple pain relief like paracetamol and ibuprofen and additional prescription pain relief where necessary.
Hand therapy with a qualified hand therapist plays a key role in regaining strength, flexibility, and function. A tailored rehabilitation program will include gentle exercises, scar management, and progressive loading to help you return to everyday activities safely and efficiently.
Prognosis
The outlook for thumb arthritis is generally very good, especially when surgical treatment is combined with structured rehabilitation. Most patients experience significant pain relief, improved grip strength, and better thumb mobility.
Minimally invasive procedures may offer faster recovery and less scarring, while joint replacement allows for early return of mobility in appropriately selected patients.
If thumb pain is affecting your quality of life, contact us to arrange a consultation. We’ll guide you through both non-surgical and surgical options tailored to your needs.
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes. Surgery for thumb arthritis is done as a day surgery procedure.
The pain from thumb arthritis surgery is managed with over-the-counter medication (like paracetamol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications like ibuprofen) and prescription pain medication where necessary.
Most patients experience mild pain only, which is managed with over the counter pain relief.
No. Surgery for thumb arthritis can be done in patients without health insurance.
Yes. Thumb arthritis can often be managed with conservative treatments such as splinting, activity modification, anti-inflammatory medication, and steroid injections. Dr Kingston discusses non-surgical options as part of developing a comprehensive plan for treating patients with thumb arthritis.
Surgical options include trapeziectomy, joint fusion (arthrodesis), thumb joint replacement (arthroplasty), and minimally invasive procedures such as arthroscopy. The best procedure depends on your symptoms, joint condition, and activity level.
Thumb joint replacement (CMC arthroplasty) involves removing the damaged joint surfaces and inserting an implant to reduce pain and restore movement. It’s a modern, effective option for patients with advanced arthritis.
After surgery, your thumb will be immobilised for a short period, followed by a tailored rehabilitation plan. Hand therapy is essential for restoring strength, flexibility, and function. Most patients gradually return to normal activities over several weeks.